After solving Dice Rolling, we already know how to convert fractional value
between 0.0 and 1.0 to an integer number from within the specific range - for example
to values between 1 and 6, simulating the throwing of the die.
However, many programming languages (like C/C++, PHP, Pascal) use random number generator
which on contrary gives only integer values in the range
from 0 to some (very large) maximum. How to convert such numbers to dice points?
It happens that this case is even simpler. We can use the following approach:
R by the N (number of distinct values we want - e.g. 6 for dice) and take
the remainder. This remainder is necessarily the integer value in the range from 0 to N - 1.1 (i.e. the minimum of the range we want) - and you'll get the
value in the range from 1 to N.This method is not well precise if N is not small enough in compare to max of the generator. However it will be all
right for most everyday needs (tossing coins, rolling dice, shuffling cards etc.)
To have practice, let us proceed with the following exercise:
Input data will contain the number of test-cases (dice throws) in the first line.
Next lines will have test-cases - each consisting of two random integer numbers - for throwing a pair of dice. These
numbers are non-negative (from 0 to some value above 2,000,000,000) and they should be converted to dice points
using the algorithm proposed above.
Answer should contain the sum of each throw of the pair of dice, values should be separated with spaces.
Example:
input data:
7
193170145 1912748246
753156389 614113621
1824520917 53700559
1288077384 911939603
1939066598 1695763253
1905581606 1811712139
878644967 1090885451
answer:
5 8 6 7 9 5 12